Basic Composition of Skin Care Body Lotion

 

1. Water (Aqua)

• Acts as the primary solvent, ensuring other ingredients are well-dispersed and absorbed into the skin.

2. Emollients

• These soften and smooth the skin by forming a protective barrier to prevent water loss. Common emollients include:
  • Shea butter
  • Cocoa butter
  • Mineral oil
  • Lanolin
  • Coconut oil

3. Humectants

• Attract moisture from the air to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated. Common humectants include:
  • Glycerin
  • Hyaluronic acid
  • Sorbitol
  • Urea

4. Occlusives

• These form a barrier on the skin surface, locking in moisture and protecting against external irritants. Examples include:
  • Petrolatum
  • Beeswax
  • Dimethicone

5. Preservatives

• Prevent microbial growth and prolong the shelf life of the lotion. Common preservatives include:
  • Parabens (e.g., methylparaben, propylparaben)
  • Phenoxyethanol
  • Sodium benzoate

6. Thickeners/Emulsifiers

• Help to maintain the texture and stability of the lotion by keeping water and oil-based ingredients from separating. Examples include:
  • Cetyl alcohol
  • Stearic acid
  • Glyceryl stearate

7. Fragrance

• Provides a pleasant scent. Synthetic or natural fragrances are often used, but they can sometimes cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals.

8. Vitamins and Active Ingredients

• These add extra benefits to the lotion, targeting specific skin concerns:
  • Vitamin E (Tocopherol) for antioxidant protection
  • Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) for brightening and reducing hyperpigmentation
  • Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) for anti-inflammatory and barrier-strengthening properties

9. pH Adjusters

• Ingredients like citric acid or triethanolamine are added to balance the lotion's pH, ensuring it's suitable for skin application.

These components work together to moisturize, protect, and improve the skin’s texture and appearance.