Bioassay and basic principle of bioassay

 A bioassay is a scientific experiment used to determine the concentration or potency of a substance (such as a drug or toxin) by observing its effects on living organisms or cells. This technique helps assess the biological activity of a compound by comparing its effects to a standard or known quantity.

Basic Principle of Bioassay

The basic principle of bioassay involves:

1. Preparation of Sample: A sample containing the substance of interest is prepared in a series of dilutions or concentrations.

2. Selection of Test Organism: A suitable biological system (organism, tissue, or cell line) is chosen that is sensitive to the substance being tested.

3. Exposure: The test organism is exposed to different concentrations of the sample to observe any physiological or biochemical responses.

4. Observation and Measurement: The effects of the substance are measured, often in terms of a biological response, such as growth inhibition, enzymatic activity, or other measurable outcomes.

5. Analysis: The data collected is analyzed to determine the potency or concentration of the substance based on its effects relative to a standard.

Bioassays can be qualitative (providing a presence/absence result) or quantitative (providing a measure of concentration or potency).